1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Medical Science, Ondo State, Nigeria 2Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Social Care and Education, Kingston University London, United Kingdom 3Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria 4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria 5Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Elizade University Ilara Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria 6Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria 7Department of Anatomy, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria 8Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
Received: June 24, 2024; Accepted: November 29, 2024.
ABSTRACT
Petroleum-powered generators are commonly used in many developing countries as an alternative to meet utility demands. Generator exhaust emission significantly contributes to air pollution, which remains a constant threat to human health due to the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons and other harmful gases. This study assessed oxidative stress parameters in response to exhaust emission from gasoline generator engine in adult male wistar rats. Forty-eight (48) adult wistar rats weighing between 180-200g were randomly allocated to four (4) groups (A-D) of twelve (12) rats each. After the acclimatization period, the control group (A) were kept unexposed, whereas rats in groups (C-D) were exposed daily at 2, 4, and 8-hour intervals for 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. Tissue samples were obtained at four weeks intervals. Fresh lung tissues weighing 1g were rinsed twice in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 8.0), homogenized and centrifuged at 3000 revolutions per minute for 20 min at 4°C. Supernatant levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined using standard protocols. The findings revealed elevated oxidant levels of MDA, NO, and H2O2, whereas SOD, GPX, GST, GSH, CAT, and TAS were significantly reduced across the exposure time points compared to the unexposed control rats (p < 0.05). The research findings revealed that exposure to emissions from gasoline generators induced oxidative stress in the exposed rats, with the extent of disruption to their oxidative balance dependent on the duration and length of exposure time.
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